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ultrasonography

Portosystemic shunts involving the left phrenic vein in cats

Our understanding of shunt anatomy in cats and dogs has moved forward recently with advances in imaging technology: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26563977 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23888909 In cats, shunts through the right gastric vein appear not to have reported; whereas in dogs they are quite common.  Broadly-speaking, feline congenital extrahepatic shunts may originate at 1) splenic vein 2) mesenteric vein or … Continue reading

26/07/2016 Internal medicine, ultrasonography, Uncategorized

Ultrasonographic features of anaphylaxis in the dog

Anaphylaxis is familiar in human medicine and as a general concept the idea of a systemic, immediate hypersensitivity reaction is straightforward enough. However, strict defining criteria for a diagnosis of anaphylactic episodes have proved more difficult.  The phenomenon is much less commonly documented in domestic pets than in people. This case relates to a young, … Continue reading

18/07/2016 Internal medicine, ultrasonography, Uncategorized

Portal venous gas in dogs and cats with severe enterocolitis

Gas densities in the liver on ultrasonography may be found within the parenchyma (emphysematous hepatitis: often associated with necrotic neoplasms), in and around the gallbladder (emphysematous cholecystitis) or in vessels -either biliary tracts (pneumobilia) or portal veins. Gas in portal veins tends to be carried away from the to the periphery of the liver.  This … Continue reading

16/07/2016 Internal medicine, ultrasonography, Uncategorized

Another congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt via the right gastric vein in a dog

This is very similar to the one from last week, but with videos: The main part of the portal vein is of unremarkable diameter (suggesting that most portal flow reaches this point).  At the confluence with the gastroduodenal vein (GDV), however, flow is diverted through the GDV and then turns dorsally into the right gastric. … Continue reading

25/05/2016 Internal medicine, ultrasonography, Uncategorized

Microsplenia with splenic vein thrombosis in a dog with systemic lupus erythematosus

There are many aspects to this poor dog’s case.  For about a year she suffered multi-limb lameness, then developed skin lesions with interface dermatitis, then severe anaemia, then liver disease.  She was also ANA positive and fulfills many criteria for SLE. Ultrasonographically, the most striking feature as that it took me 10 minutes to find … Continue reading

16/05/2016 Internal medicine, ultrasonography, Uncategorized

Congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt via the right gastric vein in a dog

Congenital extra-hepatic shunts in dogs most commonly involve diversion of blood from the portal system via either 1) the splenic vein and thence left gastric vein to the systemic circulation (cava, azygous or left phrenic veins) or 2) via the gastroduodenal vein and then right gastric vein to any of the same systemic veins. This … Continue reading

14/05/2016 Internal medicine, ultrasonography, Uncategorized

Diarrhoea associated with a jejunal foreign body in a dog

This is a Springer Spaniel presenting with vomiting and profuse diarrhoea of several days’ duration.  This is the diarrhoea: …and this is the appearance of the diarrhoea-filled colon on ultrasonography: BUT, just to prove that you shouldn’t jump to conclusions, a hunt around the mid-abdomen reveals an irregular shadowing density in the jejunum: That has … Continue reading

14/05/2016 Internal medicine, ultrasonography, Uncategorized
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